Development of photoelectrochemical devices based in hybrid-perovskites for water splitting reaction

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Having a sustainable, robust, and zero-emission energy system is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity; the economic, social, and environmental sustainability of the planet depends on its achievement. Currently, initiatives toward mitigating climate change enjoy of broad support. The international community has embraced the idea in multiple international agreements, including the Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs), Habitat III, and COP21 in Paris. With COP21, 195 countries adopted the first universal, legally binding global climate deal. It aims to keep “the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit warming up to 1.5°C by 2050.” To reach this ambitious goal, a steep and continuous downward trajectory on global CO2 emissions from now on is required to reach the net zero goal, as shown in Figure 1.1. The energy sector is responsible for 80% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, primarily originating from fossil fuels such as oil, carbon and natural gas. Therefore, a radical change in the energy supply and demand must happen in the following years.