Interacción genotipo-ambiente en ganado Holstein colombiano

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The existence of Genotype-Environment Interactions among four regions of Colombia was investigated. The information was obtained from records of Holstein cattle in Cundinamarca (C), Valle del Cauca(V), Antioquia (A) and Nariño (N). A mixed models multivariate analysis methodology, applied to an animal model for repeated measures was used. Variance components were estimated by Derivative Free Restricted Maximum Likelihood algorithm (DFREML). Contemporary group (Herd-year) and genetic group of the sires (origin-year of birth) were fixed effects, and the genetic additive, permanent environment and temporary environment were included as random effects. Production records (n = 69464) of 25 608 daughters of 594 sires were used. Genetic correlation coefficients of milk production between regions were 0.70, 0.83, 0.73, 0.95, 0.97 and 0.99 for C-V, C-A, C-N, V-A, V-N and A-N, respectively. Different genetic, permanent environment and residual variances among areas were observed, but heritabilities and repetibilities were similar. Genotype and Environment Interaction exists, mainly between Cundinamarca and the other three regions.

RESUMEN: Se investigó la existencia de Interacción Genotipo-ambiente entre cuatro regiones. Las informaciones se tomaron de registros de ganado Holstein de Cundinamarca (C), Valle del Cauca(V), Antioquia (A) y Nariño (N). Se realizó un análisis multivariado utilizando el método de Máxima Verosimilitud Restricta (REML), con un algoritmo libre de derivadas mediante un Modelo Animal con medidas repetidas e incluyendo los efectos fijos de grupo contemporáneo (Rebaño-Año) y grupo genético de toro (origen-año de nacimiento) y los efectos aleatorios de genético aditivo, ambiente permanente y residual. Los datos abarcaron 69 464 lactaciones de 25 608 vacas, hijas de 594 toros. Las correlaciones genéticas de la producción de leche entre regiones fueron 0.70, 0.83, 0.73, 0.95, 0.97 y 0.99 para C-V, C-A, C-N, V-A, V-N y A-N, respectivamente. Se observaron diferentes varianzas genéticas, ambientales permanentes y residuales entre las regiones, pero las heredabilidades y repetibilidades fueron similares. Interacción Genotipo-ambiente existe principalmente entre Cundinamarca y las otras tres regiones.