Ethanolic extract from leaves of bixa orellana L. : A potential natural food preser vative

Abstract

ABSTRAC: This paper reports the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extract from leaves of Bixa orellana L. against bacteria and fungi of interest in the food industry, such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella son nei, Listeria monocytogenes, Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and Bys sochlamys fulva. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the etha nolic extract was determined by evaluating their scavenging of the DPPH radical. The ethanolic extract exhibited a broad spec trum of antimicrobial activity for both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria with MICs of 256-1024ppm. For MICs between 1 and 512ppm, fungi showed greater sensitivity to extract than bacteria. Nisin used as positive control caused growth inhibition of all bacteria tested, with MICs between 2 and 1024ppm. In contrast, fungi were not inhibited by nisin. Results also indicated that the ethanolic extract had good scavenging of DPPH radical with an EC50 of 7710 ±0.6318ppm.

RESUMEN: Este trabajo estableció la concentración mínima inhibito ria (CMI) del extracto etanólico de hojas de Bixa orellana L. contra bacterias y hongos de interés alimentario, tales como Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Sta phylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonnei, Listeria monocytogenes, Candida albicans, Saccharomyces ce revisiae, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum y Bysso chlamys fulvas. Además, se determinó la actividad antioxidante del extracto etanólico evaluando su capacidad atrapadora del radical DPPH. El extracto exhibió un amplio espectro de acción antimicrobiana tanto para bacterias Gram positivas como Gram negativas, con CMI entre 256 y 1024ppm. Los hongos mostraron mayor sensibilidad al extracto que las bacterias con CMI entre 1 y 512ppm. La nisina, utilizada como control positivo, ocasionó una inhibición del crecimiento de todas las bacterias evaluadas con CMI entre 2 y 1024ppm, mientras que los hongos no fueron inhibidos. El extracto etanólico de hojas de B. orellana mostró buena capacidad atrapadora del radical DPPH con una EC50 de 7710 ±0,6318ppm.