Dinámica política local y política realmente existente: la influencia de la oficina de la primera dama en la implementación de la Política Pública de Infancia y Adolescencia en Itagüí (2020-2023)

Abstract

RESUMEN: Este trabajo de investigación pretende Analizar la influencia del relacionamiento político entre los actores clave, con énfasis en la oficina de la Primera Dama en la implementación de la Política Pública de Infancia y Adolescencia en Itagüí, Colombia, durante el periodo 2020-2023; el propósito fue examinar cómo el relacionamiento político entre actores clave, especialmente la Oficina de la Primera Dama, afecta la implementación de esta política. La investigación utilizó una metodología de corte cualitativo, con enfoque de estudio de caso, empleando técnicas como entrevistas semiestructuradas, revisión documental y observación participante; el marco teórico se basó en conceptos de implementación de políticas públicas, dinámica de política local y política realmente existente. Entre los principales hallazgos se revela que la Oficina de la Primera Dama juega un rol central en la implementación de la política, influenciando significativamente la definición de prioridades y asignación de recursos; se identificó una dualidad en su papel, actuando como promotora de políticas sociales y figura política influyente. El estudio concluye que la implementación de la Política Pública de Infancia y Adolescencia está moldeada por intereses y dinámicas locales, resultando en una política realmente existente, que implica cambios y ajuste de los lineamientos nacionales; la investigación también encontró que esta dinámica tiende a perpetuar roles de género tradicionales en la política local, haciendo necesario considerar las estructuras informales de poder y las implicaciones de género en el análisis de políticas públicas a nivel local. Abstract: This research paper analyzes the influence of the Office of the First Lady on the implementation of the Public Policy for Children and Adolescents in Itagüí, Colombia, during the period 2020-2023; the main objective was to examine how the political relationship between key actors, especially the Office of the First Lady, affects the implementation of this policy. The research used a qualitative methodology, with a case study approach, employing techniques such as semi-structured interviews, documentary review and participant observation; the theoretical framework was based on concepts of public policy implementation, local policy dynamics and actually existing policy. Among the main findings, it is revealed that the Office of the First Lady plays a central role in the implementation of the policy, significantly influencing the definition of priorities and allocation of resources; a duality in its role was identified, acting as a promoter of social policies and an influential political figure. The study concludes that the implementation of the Public Policy for Children and Adolescents is shaped by local interests and dynamics, resulting in an actually existing policy, which differs from national guidelines; The research also found that this dynamic tends to perpetuate traditional gender roles in local politics, making it necessary to consider informal power structures and gender implications in the analysis of public policies at the local level.

ABSTRACT: This research paper analyzes the influence of the Office of the First Lady on the implementation of the Public Policy for Children and Adolescents in Itagüí, Colombia, during the period 2020- 2023; the main objective was to examine how the political relationship between key actors, especially the Office of the First Lady, affects the implementation of this policy. The research used a qualitative methodology, with a case study approach, employing techniques such as semistructured interviews, documentary review and participant observation; the theoretical framework was based on concepts of public policy implementation, local policy dynamics and actually existing policy. Among the main findings, it is revealed that the Office of the First Lady plays a central role in the implementation of the policy, significantly influencing the definition of priorities and allocation of resources; a duality in its role was identified, acting as a promoter of social policies and an influential political figure. The study concludes that the implementation of the Public Policy for Children and Adolescents is shaped by local interests and dynamics, resulting in an actually existing policy, which differs from national guidelines; The research also found that this dynamic tends to perpetuate traditional gender roles in local politics, making it necessary to consider informal power structures and gender implications in the analysis of public policies at the local level.